While the meeting took place in private, the tutor to the tsar's children apparently recalled that the discussion included Elisabeth expressing her concerns over the influence that Grigori Rasputin had over Alexandra and the imperial court, and begging her to heed the warnings of both herself and other members of the imperial family. Reputedly priceless, they were magnificently lovely. On the eve of revolution, she had already found a way out; forgiveness! Acts of terrorism mounted. In 1921, the remains of Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna were interred at the St. Mary Magdalene Church on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem along with the remains of her fellow nun Varvara Yakovleva. After her husband's murder in 1905, Grand Duchess Elizabeth sold all her earthly belongings including her wedding ring and founded the Convent of Saints Mary and Martha in Moscow, which served as a hospital and an orphanage. Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna was arrested in Moscow on May 7, 1918, along with Varvara Alexeievna Yakovleva, the nun from her convent, and was first sent to Perm and then to Yekaterinburg. Her cousin Princess Marie of Edinburgh wrote that "one could never take one's eyes off [Ella]"[1] and that Ella's features were "exquisite beyond words, it almost brought tears to your eyes. In this relatively happy and secure environment, Elisabeth grew up surrounded by English domestic habits, and English became her first language. When the news of the Emperor's assassination arrived in Rome, the Pope forbade anyone else to tell them of it, reserving to himself the task of breaking it to them, and of praying with them in their sorrow. In 1908, Grand Duchess Elizabeth had given them to her niece and adopted daughter, Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna, when she married Prince Wilhelm of Sweden. What sadness filled the heart of the Grand Duchess! Grand Duke Sergei never married but had a long affair with the famous ballerina Mathilde Kschessinska who had previously been the mistress of Nicholas II while he was still unmarried and the heir to the throne. On March 1 the Emperor Nicholas abdicated. There is a problem with your email/password. Perhaps these lines will meet the eyes of some of those in her own country whom she helped through this agonizing hour. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. She left the world where she had played a brilliant part, to go, as she said herself, 'into the greater world, the world of the poor and afflicted.' Through the grey veil of the Sisterhood her works shone with a divine radiance and led her to martyrdom. Early on 18 July 1918, the leader of the Alapayevsk Cheka, Abramov, and the head of the Yekaterinburg Regional Soviet, Beloborodov, who had been involved in the murder of the Imperial Family, exchanged a number of telegrams in a pre-arranged plan saying that the school had been attacked by an "unidentified gang". Elizabeth Feodorovna - Biography - IMDb I, too, had been trained to behave and appear like this. Now the prophetic words of Bishop Triphonious are being fulfilled: her good works shine before God. The Cheka beat all the prisoners before throwing their victims into this pit, Elisabeth being the first. The dyke had given way. Her niece Marie later recalled that her aunt's face was "pale and stricken rigid" and she would never forget her expression of infinite sadness. The Bishop, Thriphonius, who in the world had been Prince Turkenestanoff, presented her with the veil, saying these prophetic words: 'This veil will hide you from the world, and the world will be hidden from you, but it will be a witness to your good works, which will shine before God, and glorify the Lord.'. After her husband's murder in 1905, Grand Duchess Elizabeth sold all her earthly belongings including her wedding ring and founded the Convent of Saints Mary and Martha in Moscow, which served as a hospital and an orphanage. Was it not she who, on the day after the death of her husband, went to see his murderer in prison? The Russian Grand Duchess Who Died as a Martyr - Medium Elizabeth was, in great part, responsible for Nickolas and Aleksandra's marriage. When the Grand Duchess touched on the thorny question of Rasputin the Empress could not be dissuaded from her belief in his sanctity, in spite of what the Grand Duchess told her of his scandalous life, which he had managed to hide successfully from Her Majesty's eyes. Do you wish to see if you can sell them?, Peter nodded dejectedly. Queen Alexandra also wrote: Well, although you gave them to me, the jewels are really yours. You have chosen this person to be their own family member. The couple divorced in 1914, and she returned to Russia with the tiara and necklace, which she wore in a portrait that year. 'Remember,' she said, 'the fate of Louis XVI.' They walked to the edge of a mine shaft that was partially filled with water. She founded a nursing order of Greek Orthodox nuns inspired by the work of her aunt, Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna who was buried at St. Mary Magdalene in Jerusalem several years after she . The French Ambassador to the Russian court, Maurice Paleologue, wrote in his memoirs how Elisabeth was capable of arousing what he described as "profane passions". But when Sergei proposed again later in the same year, she accepted him once more, and arrangements for their wedding went ahead. Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna opened a Russian embroidery shop, and in 1922, to fill an order for Chanel, she sold the tiara and necklace to King Alexander of Yugoslavia. She obtained permission for the door to be unlocked, and went alone into the cell. A statue to Elizabeth has been erected in the remains of the church gardens. Elizabeth of Hesse-Darmstadt was born on 1st November 1864. She lived in three tiny rooms, white and clean, separated from the hospital by the church, furnished with wicker chairs and adorned only by holy icons, thank-offerings from those who loved and honoured her. In 1884,Grand Duke Sergei marriedPrincess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine, and presented his new bride with his mothers emeralds. Grand Duchess Elizabeth - Troparion & Kontakion Commemorated on July 18 Troparion Tone 4. The email does not appear to be a valid email address. We have set your language to There was an error deleting this problem. 'No!" During the beginning of their confinement, the prisoners had a certain amount of freedom. A system error has occurred. Jesus' Last Night In A Garden. "[10] Kaiser Wilhelm II, who had once been in love with her, declared that she converted because of "an inordinate pursuit of popularity, a desire to improve her position at court, a great lack of intelligence, and also a want of true religiousness."[11]. They eventually became the foster parents of Grand Duke Dmitry Pavlovich and Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna, Sergei's niece and nephew. ', 'I am the Superior of the Convent,' she said. Try again later. But for me such occasions were now rare. How often a dying mother said to her: 'My children are no longer mine, they are yours, for they no one in the world but you!' On 7th May 1918 Elizabeth was arrested with two sisters from her convent, and transported across country to Perm, then to Ekatarinburg, and finally to Alapaevsk. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. Grand Duchess Elizabeth | Westminster Abbey It was a beautiful ceremony, which those who took part in it can never forget. She soon opened a hospital, chapel, pharmacy and orphanage on its grounds. Create, it will save you | For more articles, follow Fragments of History https://bit.ly/3jHfafX. This article is the intellectual property of Unofficial Royalty and is NOT TO BE COPIED, EDITED, OR POSTED IN ANY FORM ON ANOTHER WEBSITE under any circumstances. She often visited Moscow's worst slums and did all she could to help alleviate the suffering of the poor. He served as General Inspector of the Artillery and Field Inspector General of Artillery. Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia (1864-1918) After the Socialist Revolutionary Party's Combat Organization assassinated her husband with a bomb in 1905, Elisabeth publicly forgave Sergei's murderer, Ivan Kalyayev, and campaigned without success for him to be pardoned. However, Feodor Remez, Grand Duke Sergeis personal secretary, was not canonized. Prince Igor Konstantinovich; Photo Credit Wikipedia. I had not attended a ceremonious occasion there before. They survived and are trying to reestablish their work in Russia today. In 1884 Elizabeth married Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, the fifth son of Tsar Alexander II of Russia. In April 1875, the 16-year-old Wilhelm visited Darmstadt to celebrate Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine's 12th birthday and first expressed interest in the 11-year-old Elisabeth. In vain did the officers sacrifice their lives in trying to stop the soldiers; in vain did whole battalions, entirely composed of officers, attack the enemy's lines: their example had no effect on their subordinates, who watched their chivalrous sacrifice with sardonic mockery, while they parleyed with the Germans behind their backs. I remember, for instance, the cook of a poor household who had burnt herself by upsetting an oil stove; the burns covered too large a surface of science to cure - no skin was left intact except on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet. In 1905 St. Elizabeth's husband, the Moscow governor-general Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich was assassinated with a bomb by Social-Revolutionary terrorist Ivan Kaliaev. Oops, we were unable to send the email. It is a constant miracle that we are alive. She still begged him to read the words of the Gospel, which she thought would touch his hardened heart. With the Red Army approaching, their remains were removed further east and buried in the cemetery of the Russian Orthodox Mission in Peking (now Beijing), China. On 18th February 1905, the Grand Duke Sergei was assassinated. Todays striking Emerald Kokoshnik Tiara was made for a beautiful Russian Grand Duchess. Radiantly beautiful, she showed herself at balls, sparkling with jewels, but on her calm brow her vocation was already printed, though perhaps not so clearly as the destiny that could be read on the face of her sister the Empress, for she, even in the height of prosperity, never quite lost the sad lines of the mouth which gave her beauty an impression of pre-ordained tragedy. After some delay Peter finally went to the bank and withdrew the boxes containing the gems. After Sergey's death Elizabeth devoted herself to good works and the poor, opening a hospice and hospital convent dedicated to Martha and Mary in Moscow. p. 220, Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine (18951903), Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, Grand Duchess Elizaveta Feodorovna of Russia, Ludwig IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia, Saint Mary Magdalene Convent on the Mount of Olives, Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine, Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, https://www.alexanderpalace.org/alexandra/XVI.html, " ", Burials and memorials in Westminster Abbey#20th-century martyrs, "New statues mark St Albans Cathedral's 900th anniversary", " ", Life of the Holy New Martyr Grand Duchess Elizabeth, by Metropolitan Anastassy, Canon to the Holy and Righteous Nun-Martyrs Elizabeth and Barbara New Martyrs of Russia, American Reporter Interviews Elisabeth in 1917, HIH Grand Duchess Elisabeth Feodorovna by Countess Alexandra Olsoufieff, Charlotte Christine of Brunswick-Lneburg, Catherine Alexeievna (Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst), Natalia Alexeievna (Wilhelmina Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt), Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Wrttemberg), Anna Feodorovna (Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld), Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia), Elena Pavlovna (Charlotte of Wrttemberg), Alexandra Iosifovna (Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg), Maria Pavlovna (Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin), Elizabeth Feodorovna (Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine), Alexandra Georgievna (Alexandra of Greece and Denmark), Elizaveta Mavrikievna (Elisabeth of Saxe-Altenburg), Anastasia Nikolaevna (Anastasia of Montenegro), Militza Nikolaevna of Montenegro (Milica of Montenegro), Maria Georgievna (Maria of Greece and Denmark), Viktoria Feodorovna (Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha), Anna, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Victoria Mountbatten, Marchioness of Milford Haven, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Princess_Elisabeth_of_Hesse_and_by_Rhine_(18641918)&oldid=1134846237, Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Lutheranism, Christian female saints of the Late Modern era, Russian Empire saints of the Eastern Orthodox Church, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2007, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. One figure stands out unforgettably among the thousands of the gay and gallant, the gifted and the worthy of honour, who have been done to death by the Soviet Government, so called, of Bolshevist Russia. Throughout the day of her husband's murder, Elisabeth refused to cry. She was the wife of Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia (1858-1915). They were allowed to write letters, leave the school to go to church, and were able to walk in a nearby field. Grand Duchess Elizabeth Mavrikievna of Russia ( Russian: , ne Princess Elisabeth Auguste Marie Agnes of Saxe-Altenburg; 25 January [ O.S. These poor creatures were cared for and nursed in a cheerful house with a big garden, where they often gained fresh hope of getting well, the Grand Duchess helping them in this; but often too, they passed away in peace, recommending their dear ones to their benefactress. They loan out the Tiara to celebrities and socialites, including Mrs. Donald D. Burr in 1965, Princess Elisabeth of Yugoslavia (daughter of Prince Regent Paul and Princess Olga) in 2010, and to a lady who wore it at the Red Cross Ball in Palm Beach in 2017. Elizabeth eventually became somewhat estranged from her sister, Aleksandra, over Rasputin and the growing chaos in the country. So mistaken was the latter in his character that all she would say in answer to her sister's remonstrances was: 'We know that saints have been maligned before this.'. When Elisabeth was a young woman her cousin, Prince Wilhelm of Prussia, fell in love with her. Elizabeth Feodorovna, Grand Duchess | Nicholas II She belived that prayer and contemplation should be the final reward of those who have given their whole strength to the service of God; she believed that work should be the foundation of the religious life, and prayer its relaxation. Search above to list available cemeteries. In any case, the horror left a deep trace on her countenance which only passed away when, having learnt the futility of earthly existence, she received the experience of divine beauty, and after this time her eyes seemed to be gazing at a vision of the other world. She was brought already suffering with gangrene from one of the hospitals of the town. One day when she was starting for her workrooms, the Grand Duchess heard near by the fearful explosion caused by the bomb thrown at the Grand Duke Serge on February 4, 1905. Though she came from one of the oldest and most noble houses in Germany, Elisabeth and her family lived a rather modest life by royal standards. Sergei and Elisabeth married on 15 (3) June 1884, at the Chapel of the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg; upon her conversion to Russian Orthodoxy, she took the name Elizaveta Feodorovna. In the beautiful church of Maria Magdalene on Mount of Olives is buried the Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia and the Princess Alice of Greece . I appeal to my fellow country-women; they will remember the charming vision of the woman so simply dressed in pale grey or blue, and under her white toque the face with its regular features, and that welcoming smile of hers, as she moved about among them, rejoicing in the sight of these hundreds of women united in the common purpose of alleviating, as far as possible, the sufferings of the men who were facing Japanese bullets in the Far East. Yet she continued to love the country of her adoption, as is shown by the words she wrote to an old friend: 'Russia and her children at this moment know not what they do; they are like a sick child, whom one loves a hundred times more in his sickness than when he is well and happy. Its enormous that you are getting thoughts from this article as well as fromour dialogue made at this place. In 1921, her remains and those of her maid, Nun Barbra, were moved to the Church of Mary Magdalene near the Garden of Gethsemane in Jerusalem. In March 1917 the Tsarist state, fatally damaged by the war with Germany, collapsed. [The writer of the following article, the Countess Alexandra Olsoufieff, was for many years the 'Grand Maitresse', that is to say the Mistress of the Robes to my sister, the late Grand Duchess Elisabeth Feodrovna of Russia. Princess Elisabeth of Saxe-Altenburg (1865-1927) - Wikipedia All her days were spent in this work, which assumed gigantic proportions. If her childhood was Lutheran, the religious culture of her adolescence was distinctively Anglican. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. Learn more about managing a memorial . She was of the same stuff as the early Christian martyrs who died in the Roman arenas. But my thoughts were not of emeralds and queenly things. It was as if her prophecy had come true that "God will punish us severely" which she made after the Grand Duke expelled 20,000 Jews from Moscow, by simply surrounding thousands of families' houses with soldiers and expelling the Jews without any notice overnight out of their homes and the city. Orphan girls from the Moscow slums were raised at the convent and given an excellent education. No sacrifice was too great - money was poured out like water - life counted as nothing in the balance. cemeteries found within miles of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Her principal shrines are the Marfo-Mariinsky Convent she founded in Moscow, and the Saint Mary Magdalene Convent on the Mount of Olives, which she and her husband helped build, and where her relics (along with those of Nun Barbara (Varvara Yakovleva, her former maid) are enshrined. They felt that the Grand Duke Serge was an obstacle to their plans, and decided to remove him from their path. He was born in 1894 and like his brother Konstantin, Igor liked the theater and attended the Corps des Pages, a military academy in Saint Petersburg. She is one of the ten 20th-century martyrs from across the world who are depicted in statues above the Great West Door of Westminster Abbey, London, England,[18] and she is also represented in the restored nave screen installed at St Albans Cathedral in April 2015. At last we made vows, becoming one with the convent and feeling the blessing of the Church. In the spring or summer of 1917 - I am not sure which - the Swedish Minister came to Moscow at the express desire of the German Emperor to advise the Grand Duchess to leave Russia, where terrible events were to take place. The childrens motherAlexandra of Greece and Denmark had died in 1891 giving birth to Dmitri, and they spent much time with Sergei and Ella. Julia P. Gelardi, From Splendor to Revolution, p.126. Who Was Princess Elisabeth Of Hesse And By Rhine? The Grand Duchess Elisabeth, sister of the Empress Alexandra of Russia, was the daughter of Princess Alice of Hesse, and grand-daughter of Queen Victoria. After the Te Deum she went up to the cross, signing to the men to come after her. Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia wears her geometric diamond and emerald necklace in a formal portrait, ca. In February 1917, the maximum military effort was attained, the front from the Baltic to the Black Sea was bristling with troops and guns. Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna was canonized in 1981. Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna was canonized in 1981. At the moment when Bolshevism was let loose, in April 1918, she wrote to an old friend as follows: 'One must fix one's thoughts on the heavenly country in order to see things in their true light, and to be able to say "Thy will be done," when one sees the complete destruction of our beloved Russia. This slight sketch of her character would be incomplete did I not mention the political sagacity of the Grand Duchess. A Women Story -Mary Magdalene and Duchess Elizabeth. 1884, at the Chapel of the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg; upon her conversion to Russian Orthodoxy, she took the name Elizabeth Feodorovna. This wise and tender mother instilled into her children from their earliest youth the main principles of Christianity, love for one's neighbour. Categories // germany, nightly necklace, Russia The Court Jeweller Newsletter Enter your name and email address below to subscribe to our weekly newsletter! She then departed the Imperial Court and became a nun, founding the Marfo-Mariinsky Convent dedicated to helping the downtrodden of Moscow. I drove with Peter to the state ball in Buckingham Palace. In fact, she mentioned this when in 1888 she visited Jerusalem with her husband and was at the consecration of the church, noting "how good it was here . ", On 8 June 2009, the Prosecutor General of Russia officially posthumously rehabilitated Elizabeth Feodorovna, along with other Romanovs: Mikhail Alexandrovich, Sergei Mikhailovich, John Konstantinovich, Konstantin Konstantinovich and Igor Konstantinovich. 'This is the first day of the socialist revolution, and we have no means of resisting the wave of anarchy which is sweeping over us. elizabeth feodorovna tomb Failed to remove flower. People were looking for worldly justice, but their Christian faith weakened, and love was growing scarce. Copyright 2023 Bob Atchison. She devoted herself to charity and ministered to the poor and destitute. Prince Vladimir Pavlovich Paley; Photo Credit Wikipedia. Transaction Publishers. She never made one feel one's own inferiority; on the contrary, without any false humility on her part, she brought out the best qualities of her friends. A talented poet from an early age, Vladimir published two volumes of poetry and wrote several plays and essays. This video is about Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovn. My name is Maria, and I create videos on historical people and topics. Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. Even the jewels of the necklace seemed to lie too heavily on my neck, and I longed to take them all off and to relax comfortably. Designed as multiple layers of diamond bands, some foliate wreaths, others free hanging briolette. For their safety, the coffins were moved around Russia during struggles between the White Army and the Red Army. Learn to look the advancing revolution right in the face. Her mother died when she was a child, and she came to England to live under the protection of her grandmother, Queen Victoria. Death to her was but an empty word; she feared the judgment of God even for her enemy. / And taking up a martyr's cross, / in your meekness / you perfected the Saviour's . It was a whole Ministry in itself, a complete Department, differing from most ministries in the fact that the employees never spent an idle moment. Grand Duchess Elizabeth - Blog & Alexander Palace Time Machine Elizabeth found Orthodoxy increasingly absorbing, and in 1891 she adopted the faith. According to the personal account of Vasily Ryabov, one of the executioners, Elisabeth and the others survived the initial fall into the mine, prompting Ryabov to toss in a grenade after them. Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovnas Emerald Tiara, View theroyalwatchers profile on Facebook, View the_royal_watchers profile on Instagram, View saadandayeshas profile on Pinterest, Grace Kelly - Princess Grace of Monaco - Bains de Mer Tiara - Royal Jewels Documentary, Coronation of her parents, King Ferdinand and Queen Marie of Romania in 1922, married Princess Alexandra of Greece in 1944, Wedding Ball of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip of Greece at Buckingham Palace in 1947, Details of King Charles and Queen Camilla's State Visits to France and Germany, The Jewels of Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone. Repent and I will beg the Sovereign to give you your life. Born in 1896, Prince Vladimir Pavlovich Paley was the son of Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich (the youngest child of Alexander II, Emperor of All Russia) and his mistress Olga Valerianovna Karnovich. St Elizabeth Feodorovna the New Martyr When Nicholas did propose to Alix in 1894, and Alix rejected him on the basis of her refusal to convert to Orthodoxy, it was Elisabeth who spoke with Alix and encouraged her to convert. We now see that is fears were justified; these same socialists have been drowned in their own blood, and have fallen victims to the Bolshevist terror which they themselves let loose upon their country. Elisabeth had died of wounds sustained in her fall into the mine, but before her death had still found strength to bandage the head of the dying Prince John with her wimple. The large hospitals of Moscow soon recognized the excellence of the treatment in the Grand Duchess's hospital, where only fifteen patients were received, and the most desperate cases were sent to her. Flowers added to the memorial appear on the bottom of the memorial or here on the Flowers tab. Prince Ioann Konstantinovich; Photo Credit Wikipedia. It is a woman high-hearted and great of soul, whose destiny opened in the blaze of imperial splendour, and closed in the black depths of a Siberian mine, into which she was flung by her executioners at the end of a cruel martyrdom. July 18, 1918 - Execution of Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna and She wore them for a couple of Official portraits and at a royal event. As a German princess, she was raised in the Protestant faith. Having a daily relationship with a 1000 year old garden is a joy. At the age of 20, Princess Elisabeth married into the Russian dynasty Romanov and became Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia. On 8 October 1918, White Army soldiers discovered the remains of Elisabeth and her companions, still within the shaft where they had been murdered. The convent was closed in the 1920's but the nuns continued their work underground during the Soviet Era. This browser does not support getting your location. [19], A statue of Elisabeth was erected in the garden of her convent in Moscow after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Adopted Mother of Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna (1890-1958) and Grand Duke Dmitry Pavlovich (1891-1942). The Speckled Domes (1925). Brought into his cell, she asked, 'Why did you kill my husband?' The event came as a terrible shock to Elisabeth, but she never lost her calm. During these frequent visits, he fell in love with Elisabeth,[6] writing numerous love poems and regularly sending them to her. Resend Activation Email. The famous pieces, a tiara, necklace, and earrings, were held in the bank in his and his mothers names. The Empress begged her not to speak to the Emperor on the subject of her letter, saying that he was leaving the next day for the front, and must not be troubled with political questions, but that she herself would willingly listen. Pallasart Web Design & Development, Boy who Dreamed of a Palace - Bob Atchison, 1923 American Interview with Patriarch Tikhon, Aurochs! Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. Elisabeth was canonised by the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia in 1981, and in 1992 by the Moscow Patriarchate as Holy Martyr Elizabeth Feodorovna.