72 Interview, Drissa Diallo, N'Golobala, 18 May 2002. 1882-1885- Samori resisted Imperialism and fought the French, who wanted to take over his empire. 93 Interview, Adama Diallo, Niamala, 10 Oct. 2002. The French captured Tour and exiled him to Gabon, where he died of pneumonia two years later, on June 2, 1900. In British West Africa, whereas the British occasionally favoured peaceful negotiations, some violent incidences were also apparent.5 See the case of the village of Our. Pol. Web Design : https://iccleveland.org/wp-content/themes/icc/images/empty/thumbnail.jpg, American And French Revolution Similarities. 31 See, especially, E. Schmidt, Mobilizing the Masses: Gender, Ethnicity, and Class in the Nationalist Movement in Guinea, 19391958 (Portsmouth NH, 2005), 1078; and Morgenthau, Political Parties, 2345. We publish books and journals that will matter 20 or even a hundred years from now titles that make a difference today and will live on into the future through their reverberations in the minds of teachers and writers. After the partitioning of Africa in 1884, European powers began colonizing West Africa. Thank you! 70 Interview, Musa Sumoaro, Kolondieba, 20 Nov. 2002. ), The Koran Interpreted (New York, 1955), 65; interviews, Sekou Sidib, Jelifin, 31 Mar. Samori Tour (1830-1900) - BlackPast.org Liberty University D2 Hockey Schedule, 2019. Binger, Du Niger au Golfe de Guine par le pays du Kong et de Mossi, 18871889 (Paris, 1892), Part 1, 220. State (4) FOUR sources of monopoly power. 113 Interviews, Souleyman Sidib and Amadou Sidib, Solona, 10 Apr. After his mother was captured in a slave raid by the king Sori Birama, he offered to serve in his army and excelled by his military prowess and skills. The Resistance of Samori Tour and the Mandinka Empire rapid European imperial expansion in Africa did not necessarily change relationships The Mandinka resistance had several effects on both Africans and the French as follows. Feature Flags: { 47 Interview, Broulaye Kon, Kolondieba, 21 Nov. 2002. We welcome articles in the social sciences and the humanities including, but not limited to: history, art history, archeology, sociology, and public health. This led to even more deaths of animals and people, and due to their physical and mental weakness, they were unable to fight against European powers. Reliving The Glory Of Samori Toure, The Great Mandinka Leader Who Various kingdoms across Africa attempted to resist European colonization. I am reblogging it here, because on this 10-year anniversary of the African Heritage Blog, it has been the most viewed and loved article. Also, impressive athleticism to stay on his feet and nearly get in the end zone. 2002; Musa Diallo, Kolondieba, 17 June 2002. Recently published anthologies of African epic (Johnson/Hale/Belcher 1997; Kesteloot/Dieng 1997; Belcher 1999) attest that an orally transmitted Samori epic exists in these countries. The opposite corner notices Toure coming toward his side of the field just as the ball is getting released. What is thought to influence the overproduction and pruning of synapses in the brain quizlet? Winfree, now in his fourth NFL season, had the experience edge over Toure, but the rookies production in the preseason was tough to ignore. ), Fighting the Slave Trade: West African Strategies (Athens, 2003), 645. Looking back at Samori Toures game against the Chiefs, you can see why the #Packers stuck with him. After the Berlin Conference, France began to enter West Africa more aggressively until they reached the Sudan and the Border of Samori Toure's Mandinka Empire. Toure's rise is one of the inspiring examples of resistance in times of the Trans Atlantic Slave Trade, which heavily influenced West Africa between the 19th and early 20th centuries. Toure takes a good angle to the safety, but unfortunately, the corner recovers to set the edge and prevent the running back from turning the corner. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Described as African Napoleon, Samory Toure built a Muslim empire fighting off the French colonisation of West Africa in the 19th Century. Mande Studies is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research that focuses on the Mande-speaking peoples of West Africa and the Mande community in diaspora, from slavery to the post-colony. Early life and career [ edit] Samori Ture was Mandinka, born in c. 1830 in Manyambaladugu (in the Kankan region). 117 Interview, Musa Sumoaro, Kolondieba, 20 Nov. 2002. If it still existed today, it would include parts of Guinea, Liberia, Mali and Sierra Leone. asked Aug 10, 2021 in History Form 3 by anony mous. 18 On Guinea, see E. Osborn, Power, authority, and gender in Kankan-Bat (Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University, 2000); M. McGovern, Unmasking the state: developing political subjectivities in 20th century Guinea (Ph.D. dissertation, Emory University, 2004), 712; and Fairhead and Leach, Misreading the African Landscape, 969. pic.twitter.com/VwDcD166sV. 2002; Drissa Diallo, N'Golobala, 18 May 2002; Monographie de Bougouni, 1906, ANM (FA), I D 37; Rapport du Capt. The power was European, but the face of it on the local level was often African. ), Landscape: Politics and Perspectives (Providence, 1993), 96. He explains that he was recently on a talk show where the host asked him "what it meant to lose my body.". Subscribe to our newsletter to stay updated. Islamic Center of Cleveland is a non-profit organization. Guinea: the country who dared say NO toFrance, Les injures ne tuent pas / Insults do not kill, Mandume and the Ovambo Resistance to Portuguese Colonialism in Angola, Le progrs ne peut tre arrter / Progress cannot be stopped, Mali Burkina Faso Guinea Agree to form a Tri-Country Axis, Dieu protge le faible / God Watches over the Weak, Love the African Way by Esmeralda Yitamben, Les temps difficiles ne durent pas ternellement / Dark Times do not Last Forever, Thomas Sankara re-Burial Boycotted by Family, France to Withdraw Troops from Burkina Faso, The Lebombo Bone: The Oldest Mathematical Artifact in the World, 'A ma Mre / To my Mother' by Camara Laye, "Femme Noire" de Lopold Sdar Senghor / "Black Woman" by Lopold Sdar Senghor. European Imperialism History & Characteristics | What is European Imperialism? Both the types of colonialism and manners of resistance were tremendously varied. 35 B. Jewsiewicki and D. Newbury (eds. 16 See J. Vansina, Oral Tradition as History (Madison, 1985), 1732. Although he also used diplomacy, much emphasises was placed on armed resistance. Samory | West African ruler | Britannica To get a better look at what the Packers may have seen in Toure to keep him around, lets go to the film from his game against the Chiefs. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Thanks for the reminder of that post. Loss of lives 3. i (London, 1985). Your email address will not be published. 7 Legassick, M., Firearms, horses and Samorian army administration, 18701898, Journal of African History, 7 (1966), 95115CrossRefGoogle Scholar. de Tourne, 10 June 1899, ANM (FA), I E 27. 80 Jan. 1895, Rap. 53 Ibid. ), African Historiographies: What History for Which Africa? ), West African Resistance: The Military Response to Colonial Occupation (New York, 1971), 11143; J. Holden, The Samorian impact on Buna: an essay in methodology, in C. Allen and R. Johnson (eds. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. By the mid-1880s, however, the international slave trade had been abolished across Europe. The course of Mandinka resistance-One of the great kings and fighters of African freedom was the great Samori Toure. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Silayo, Valence The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. pic.twitter.com/g1c9LReu9u. Tour was keenly aware that his people, the Malinke, lacked discipline and leadership. How did the British respond to colonial resistance? I will hypothesize that a Samori epic may be in the making, but does not yet exist. (10 marks) Many lives were lost due to the protracted war between the two groups; There was destruction of property as the Mandinka applied scorched earth policy during the war; -Displaying extraordinary military skill and prowess, he and his mother were subsequently released in 1858 after capture by a Dyula trader. 1 Interview, Souleyman Sidib, Solona, 10 Apr. Total loading time: 0 Boston Port Act: Parliament passed this act on April 1, 1774, as one of the Intolerable Acts; it ordered the U.S. navy to close Boston Harbor. Tour positioned his fighters in the Liberian forests to stop the French troops. These early outposts laid the foundation for the expansion of the slave trade, with enslaved Africans brought from the interior of the continent, having been captured in the course of tribal warfare. Learn about African history during European Imperialism and colonization. Request Permissions. 5 Anti-Colonial Resistance Movements Which Occurred In Africa 10 Samori's wars were also part of a chain of Islamic jihds across the West African savanna that opened up new slaving frontiers. In Zimbabwe, which had been led by the Ndebele people since 1838, King Lobengula first attempted to work peacefully alongside British imperial representatives. 2002. But he is perhaps best remembered, and honored, for his role in his later years defiant to the end to his would-be conquerors. 63 Interview, Broulaye Kon, Kolondieba, 19 Nov. 2002. 2002. More recently, however, there was a conference organized in Conakry in 1998 to mark the 100th anniversary of Samori's capture and martyrdom. He takes a jab release to get the defender leaning, so the jam misses its intended target. of Samori's empire in an effort to reassess his legacy. 22 Translation from A.H. B, The Fortunes of Wangrin, trans. Samori Ture(1830-1900) Samori Toure was born in a village in the Milo river valley in present day Guinea. Nevertheless, Samori Toure remains an inspiring figure of the Colonial resistance, and in a fitting honour,his great . The European countries were able to colonise African countries rapidly because there were rivalries between African leaders. Over the course of more than three months of discussions, the international delegations would set terms for free trade rights and colonial possession of the interior of the continent, with the primary claimants being Great Britain, France, Portugal, Italy, Germany, and Belgium. It shows that we are bowing down to European supremacy, when Samori was the model for much of the resistance to colonial rule that was to follow. 103 Interviews, Yacouba Danyoko, Tenemakana, 15 Nov. 2002; Broulaye Doumbia, Tenemakana, 1314 May 2002. All rights reserved. All Rights Reserved. 39 Bulletin Politique, May 1896, Rap. The shifted colonial boundaries drawn up by the Berlin Conference did not take the needs and rights of these kingdoms into consideration, often separating tribal alliances and forcing opposing tribes to live together in a single colony. The Packers want to see more of rookie Samori Toure, who they chose over Juwann Winfree for the initial 53-man roster. In the above clip, both receivers are in a reduced split and aiming to work back across the field. 97 Ibid. Pol., ANM (FA), I E 27; interview, Lamine Diakite, Yanfolila, 14 Apr. The Causes Of The Mandinka Resistance War. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. 77 Rap. 105 Interviews, M'Bemba Sidib, Balafina, 3 Apr. Toures precise route running generates ideal timing on this play call. Large caves were also reported in Oulnkala, one of which could hold thirty people. 2002. Yves Person on WebMande.net who wrote a book on Samori Tour, BlackHistoryPages, and this article published by the New York Times in 1898 about the Capture of Samori Toure by the French. Where did Samori Ture led a resistance movement against the French? Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this blogs author/ owner is strictly prohibited. 110 See J. Scott, Weapons of the Weak (New Haven, 1985), 178. See L. Holmes, Tiba Traore, fama of Kenedougou: two decades of political development (Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, 1977); Collieaux, M., Contribution l'tude de l'histoire de l'ancien royaume de Kndougou (18251898)', Comit d'Etudes Historiques et Scientifiques de l'Afrique Occidentale Franaise, 9 (1924), 12881Google Scholar; and A.O. Konar, Sikasso Tata (Bamako, 1983). 19 See L. White, S.F. Miescher and D.W. Cohen (eds. A blog about African history, and heritage, through audio and video files. The offer was accepted, and Tours life was forever changed, as he proved to have extraordinary military and leadership skills. Zimbabwe subsequently came under British control as the colony of Rhodesia. Some of his solders had served in the French colonial army and were thus familiar with the French war tactics. The resistance of Samouri-Toure against French imperialism is explained by a number of factors among which was that he was an Orthodox and devolt Muslim who didn't want the "infidels" i.e French Christians to dominate him and he therefore used Islam as a unifying factor against imperialism; its therefore on this note that Samouri-Toure . pic.twitter.com/UShuLQcvAh. Gouv.-Gn., 1894, Rap. While European colonization did lead to the development of new infrastructure in Africa, this development was done to a Western standard that did not account for the preexisting cultural norms of the local kingdoms. Pol., ANM (FA), I E 27. 24 Interview, Namakoro Bamba, Kolondieba, 7 July 2002. succeed. Collaboration and reasons for collaboration by some African communities. Who was an example of pragmatic resistance to the French? Almost 60 years after his death, his grandson was equally defiant. The French responded to Samori's expansion of regional control with military pressure. French campaigns against Samori, which were met with fierce resistance, intensified in the mid-1890s until he was captured . When they became dissatisfied with colonial administration procedures over the course of the early 1900s, the Igbo women expressed their discontent in a series of petitions, boycotts, and organized protests across the new colony. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Explain five reasons why Samori Toure resisted the French - EasyElimu 64 Ibid. Jun 10, 2019 - Causes and reasons for the failure of Samori Toure Mandinka Resistance War to French Colonialism explained Results of Samouri Toure's resistance The Mandinka resistance had several effects on both Africans and the French. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you 2002; and interviews, El Hajj Sekou Sidib and Drissa Balla, Jelifin, 31 Mar. That ended when he was 20 and his mother was kidnapped in a slave raid. In this paper the texts hitherto presented as the Samori epic will be compared to some oral sketches about Samori which I recorded during two years of fieldwork conducted in southwestern Mali and northeastern Guinea. The Jaban is a small (30-kilometer long) tributary to the Sankarani River, along Mali's national border with Guinea. Rushohora, Nancy However, this isnt another Jake Kumerow situation. 67 Interviews, Karim Danyoko, Tenemakana, 11 Oct. 2002; Yacouba Danyoko, Tenemakana, 23 June 2002. Toure then takes the inside release and uses his speed to gain separation on a deep over route. The political interference, environmental damage, and cultural erasure that came about in Africa during the period of European imperialism have had lasting impacts in the decolonization period, as the countries of modern Africa have reclaimed the ability to self-govern and shape their own economic goals. If Toure can be a deep threat, who is also capable of running good short to intermediate routes, he will have a much longer NFL career. Destruction of property 4. A great man. Personal communications, Sekou Camara, Bamako, Oct. 2002; and Mamadou Diabat (jeli), New York, Mar. History Of The Samori Toure Mandinka Resistance War - AfrikaIsWoke.com Samori Tour was a great warrior, a natural leader and an empire builder. He manufactured firearms, relocated his kingdom, and engaged in diplomacy with both the French and the British. See E. Tonkin, Narrating our Pasts: The Social Construction of Oral History (Cambridge, 1992), 11; D.W. Cohen and E.S. Atieno Odhiambo, Burying SM: The Politics of Knowledge and the Sociology of Power in Africa (Portsmouth NH, 1992), 20; S. Kuchler, Landscape as memory: the mapping of process and its representations in a Melanesian society, in B. Bender (ed. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . Winter, Sites of Memory, Sites of Mourning: The Great War in European Cultural History (Cambridge, 1995), 2953, 78116. Furthermore, the progressive weakening of surrounding African States enabled the French to mount a focused and consistent attack on the Mandinka Empire which eventually led to its annihilation and Samori Toure's capture. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The papers represent the Bissandugu-centric perspective (Bissandugu, Guinea, being the capital of Samori's empire), and thus do not alter the nationalist image of Samori; in fact, they take new steps in manufacturing it. Samori Toure, Chief of Mandenopta Empire openly opted for confrontation rather than an alliance strategy. In Great Moments, Great People. 2002; Rap. Content may require purchase if you do not have access. Timeline - Samori Toure Why were Europeans able to quickly defeat and colonize African tribes? The British Reform Movement: Social, Political & Economic Reforms. At this point, the colonial powers of Europe began to consider alternate means of tapping into the vast wealth of resources the African continent had to offer, a rush of increasing trade and exploration that came to be known as the "Scramble for Africa". Tour positioned his fighters in the Liberian forests to stop the French troops. When Italy began to turn the sights of their imperial ambitions toward Ethiopia, the Ethiopian military became the only African kingdom able to successfully resist the military might of European colonial power, using Russian-supplied weapons to defeat the Italian invading force at the Battle of Adwa in 1896. Since the end of the colonial period, the lasting effects of imperialism have been felt, as the modern self-governing countries of Africa continue to struggle with the colonial legacy of tribal conflict, food shortages, and environmental depletion. A. Goldhammer, vol. 8 Y. Coercive Acts: Passed by the British Parliament, several laws were composed in 1774 in response to colonial rebellion. They were also able to negotiate with the Italians, by surrendering their claim to Eritrea in exchange for permanent recognition. Vuillemot, 1899, Politique musulmane, ANM FA, 4 E 42; Binger, Du Niger. for this article. After the Berlin Conference, France began to enter West Africa more aggressively until they reached the Sudan and the Border of Samori Toures Mandinka 2. It is one of the largest public university presses, as measured by titles and income level. iiii (Paris, 196875), and Person's briefer publications: Les anctres de Samori, Cahiers d'Etudes Africaines, 13 (1963), 12556; Samori et la Sierra Leone, Cahiers d'Etudes Africaines, 25 (1967), 526; Guinea-Samori, in M. Crowder (ed. First Mandingo War 1883-1886 I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. 57 On the broader context of this issue, see John Ralph Willis (ed. 2019. Samori Ture - 19th Century African Resistance Movements All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. 69 On honor in comparative context in Africa, see J. Iliffe, Honour in African History (Cambridge, 2005). Sign up for the Packers Wire newsletter to get our top stories in your inbox every morning. Mandinka, but mostly on early explorers' accounts, such as Francis Moore's 1738 Travels (up the Gambia River), as main sources for com parative examples of Mandinka culture. Pol., 5 Feb. 1894, and 11 Jan. 1894, ANM (FA), I E 27. 61 Interviews, Namakoro Bamba, Kolondieba, 1 June 2002. He utilizes an effective stutter step to gain inside leverage against the corner but does so without losing too much momentum. Ethiopia was able to negotiate alliances with the surrounding North African kingdoms and Russia, allowing it to be the only country in Africa to successfully withstand European colonialism. Overall, this is a solid rep that could carry over to the run game. General Fund 219 lessons. In 1912, a colonial official observed eight man-made cave entrances between Tenemakana and Wakoro. View all Google Scholar citations After all, he is the seventh receiver on the depth chart and is still learning the playbook. An example of this would be the Algerian War of Independence against France. 1 answer. 90 Interview, Drissa Diallo, N'Golobala, 18 May 2002. Samori Tour: African Leader and Resistant to French Imperialism! A series of gradually increasing military actions by British imperial forces in the early 1890s served to weaken the Ndebele military, and with the death of Lobengula in 1894, stability in the Zimbabwean resistance was lost. 82 1899 and 1895, Rap. ), The African Past Speaks: Essays on Oral Tradition and History (Hamden, 1980). What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? ADF covers topics such as counter terrorism strategies, security and defense operations, transnational crime, and all other issues affecting peace, stability, and good governance on the African continent. 38 See ibid. Until the age of 20, Samori was a trader. Factors that aided Samori Toure in offering a protracted resistance to the Europeans. Samori's large, well-equipped army, which could manufacture and repair its own firearms, attracted strong support throughout the region. 9 I am using the appellation southern Mali for this region, part of which has been known as Wasuluwhich straddles the modern political boundaries of Mali, Guinea and Ivory Coastsince at least the eighteenth century. and Freezes the defender with a nice jab release to get inside and then flashes strong hands at the catch point. In response to colonial resistance to British rule during the winter of 177374, Parliament was determined to reassert its authority in America and passed four acts that were known as the Coercive Acts in Britain but were labeled the Intolerable Acts by the colonists. When he completed his seventh hajj, he returned to Africa and stayed. hasContentIssue true, Copyright African Studies Association 2002. 62 Interview, Youssouf Coulibaly, Tenemakana, 21 May and 6 Oct. 2002. In the 15th century, Portugal established a series of coastal trading posts in West Africa, with a permanent settlement in modern-day Ghana founded in 1482. (Beverly Hills, 1986); A.J. Temu and B. Swai, Historians and Africanist History: A Critique (London, 1981). The political activism of the Igbo women lasted into the mid-20th century, stretching into the decolonization period. Toure is at the top of the screen facing an aggressive corner. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. View all Google Scholar citations Factors which influenced Lewanika of the Lozi to collaborate with the British. Unfortunately you do not have access to this content, please use the, Hostname: page-component-7fc98996b9-rscnt He is a solid athlete who runs good routes and is a willing blocker. Samorys legacy remains controversial, yet he is a significant example of pragmatic resistance for the ways in which he contended with French aggression. PDF The White Man's Burden: On the Effect of African Resistance to European Your email address will not be published. 33 Klein, M., The decolonization of West African history, Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 6 (1975), 11125CrossRefGoogle Scholar. Samori was a great warrior who fought imperialism in the 19th century such as many leaders today. Extract. 28 W.J. Foltz, From French West Africa to the Mali Federation (New Haven, 1965), 144. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. Except a slight inflation observed in Mandinka ethnic group which might have been underpowered because of small sample size, the estimates were also similar across the major ethnic groups. Vuillemot, 1899, Politique musulmane, Rapports sur l'Islam, ANM (FA), 4 E 42. The kid isnt afraid to work over the middle. 29 Interviews, Kani Sidib, Yanfolila, 11 Mar. Japanese Imperialism: Territorial Acquisitions & Wars, Europe & U.S. On May 1, 1898, French forces invaded a town just north of the new capital. Mandinka believe the crowning glory of any woman is the ability to produce children, especially sons. 102 Interviews, Mori Kon, Koloni, 7 Oct. 2002; Fatumata Doumbia, Zimpiala, 11 Oct. 2002. Content may require purchase if you do not have access. 21819; interview, Musa Sumoaro, Kolondieba, 20 Nov. 2002. Just as hundred resistance in 1598, years to when the Moroccan ago, the loyalist the Almami forces troops in the Samori of swamps Askiya was Nouhoun1 of Dendi, resisting so offered in the 1898, French fierce one . See Rapport du Capt. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The established Igbo society was used to being able to advocate for their political and economic rights, especially the women of the community. Recently published anthologies of African epic (Johnson/Hale/Belcher 1997; Kesteloot/Dieng . African resistance to European imperialism failed because the European colonizers brought with them advanced military technology that African forces were not able to counter. She has also served as a teacher-leader providing professional development to other educators. 2002, and Youssouf Coulibaly, Tenemakana, 21 May 2002. Well, Samori Tour was born in 1830 in Manyambaladugu (some texts mentionSanankoro instead), a village southeast of Kankan in present-day Guinea. 116 Conversation with Karim Sidib, Jelifin, 7 Apr. Ethiopia was able to be successful in resisting imperialism because they allied with other local kingdoms and with Russia, who supplied them with weaponry to defeat the Italian army at the Battle of Adwa. 68 Interview, Namakoro Bamba, Kolondieba, 7 July 2002. Feature Flags: { For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Mandume, king of the Cuanhama ( Oukwanyama) principal subgroup of the Ovambo in Southern Angola, was one of the last and most important resistance leader against Portuguese conquest in Angola. Within two years, the French had broken the treaties and were sowing rebellion within Tours territory. 2002. Pol., ANM (FA), I E 27. He took up arms again and signed a treaty with the British, obtaining additional modern weapons in the process. Chimurenga Resistance (Zimbabwe) Zimbabwe was colonized in the early 1890s by the British South African Company. After a time, King Sori Birami relieved him from further service and released his mother. Toure is listed at 6-1, 191 lbs, making him a solid-sized receiver with the ability to run. How did Samori Toure resist the French? 81 Interview, Youssouf Sidib, Koniba-Barila, 27 Mar. Samori Tour: African Leader and Resistant to French Imperialism! As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 It takes into account the experiences of the vanquished on the periphery 2002; Imam Sidib, Balafina, 2 Apr. Samori was afraid to loose it Administratives and judicial powers of the French. When he refused to submit, they began military action. The crack block is a useful move to create room for the ball carrier by sealing either the linebacker or safety. This was one of the areas where Winfree was believed to have a slight edge over Toure, but the rookie definitely has the tools to be an effective blocker.