They are Khas Chhetri, Brahmin and Newar Kshatriya. They are; Basnyat, Pande, Thapa, Kunwar and Bista. This stands true especially in this modern era where the distinction between them is getting blurred. (Census, 2001), In recent times, following the overthrow of the Nepali monarchy and move towards a federal republic, ethnicity and caste have taken center stage the indigenous peoples (Adivasi Janajati) who make up a third of the country having been guaranteed rights that have not yet been fulfilled. Nepal Visa Requirements. Then the mans special relationship with his ideals is raised, a special place in this mandala also has three species of animals associated with man a cow, a dog and a crow. Data is not as precise as it appears. In March, the Holi festival takes place, differently Phagu the name comes from the Nepali name of the month Phagun in which people sing, dance and throw each other colorful powder and pour water. These twenty four districts are - Dhankuta district, Sankhuwasabha district, Okhaldhunga district, Udayapur district, Ramechhap district, Dolakha District, Salyan district, Surkhet district, Dailekh district, Jajarkot district, Dolpa district, Jumla district, Mugu district, Humla district, Bajura district, Bajhang district, Achham district, Doti district, Kailali district, Dadeldhura district, Baitadi district, Darchula district, Kalikot district and Kanchanpur district. Kshetri has hundreds of clans. People on the Indian Uttarakhand side claimed the Rajput caste while the same Khas people in Farwest and rest of Nepal claimed Chhetri caste. are found . Men meet then to make bets sometimes they pledge the rich jewelry of their wives and daughters, or their own homes. Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha . In great need of spiritual renewal and commitment to biblical faith. They generally worship their clan deity (Kul Devta), friendly deity (Ishta Devta) and Khas Masto deities. Shukra Raj Shastri (1894-1941), Freedom Fighter, Martyr. [13], In the early modern history of Nepal, Chhetris played a key role in the Unification of Nepal, providing the core of the Gorkhali army of the mid-18th century. They are descended from old warriors of Khas Kingdom. [5] The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. He had not sufficient money to pursue his goals. Deepening Democracy: International Labour Organisation Convention 169 and Nepal's Democratic Transition, Nepal: Towards a Democratic Republic: Caste, Ethnicity and Inequality in Nepal, Material from this site has been borrowed for this article with the permission of Dr. Vepachedu, Interview with Ian Martin: Caste-Based Discrimination in Nepal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caste_system_in_Nepal&oldid=1114280098, Manandhar/Syami/Teli (oil-pressers and brewers), Pahari/Nagarkoti (farmers from outskirts), Khadgi, Naye, Kasai (butchers and musicians), Dyala, Pod, Chymaha/Chamhr (sweepers, fishermen), "Namasinya Matwali" (Non-enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), Newar - Hindu Panchthariya Srsthas and Buddhists Gubhaju/Bar (, "Masinya Matwali" (Enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Naparne" (Water-unacceptable but touchable), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Parne" (Water-unacceptable and untouchable), Nancy E. Levine. Register Music, theater and fine arts have traditionally been the domain of other, usually lower, castes, and, with the exception of the educated residents of the cities, Brahmins and Chhetri are not interested in art. List of Some popular gotras and Nepali surnames belonging to it:-Agasti ( . On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The population of India that is considered a member of the Brahmin caste according to the article "The Joshua project" is about 60,481,000 people. Am Gai. Dalits and Labour in Nepal: Discrimination and Forced Labour. The daily agricultural work of the Brahmin and Chhetrich families is usually done jointly by men and women. People of the mountain belt wear thick and long woolen clothes called Baku and Doha. See here the total Nepali Thar haru. Even if death takes place elsewhere, within a few hours the body is cremated on the river and the ashes of the body of the deceased are thrown into it. Many Kshetris triennially celebrate clanwise Masto deity worship called Dewali Puja. Kshetris celebrate many Hindu festivals like Dashain (Dussehra), Tihar (Deepawali), Maghe Sankranti, Janai Purnima, Holi, etc. We hope you found this list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal helpful. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Budhiganga Municipality had a population of 21,700. Brahmins: The word Brahmin translates to "Supreme Self" or the first of the gods. According to the 2011 census, 81.3% of the Nepalese population is Hindu, 9.0% are Buddhist, 4.4% are Muslim, 3.0% are Kiratist (indigenous ethnic religion), 1.4% are Christian, 0.1% are Sikhs, 0.1% are Jains and 0.7% follow other . However, everyday home puja is usually made by a woman. 25 Feb/23. The caste system defines social classes by a number of hierarchical endogamous groups often termed jaat. The village affairs are managed by a formally or informally formed council of elders, in which Brahmini and Chhetri often play a significant role due to the status of landowners and relatively high education. In 1951AD, democracy was established and Kshetri rule were stopped. Surname > Caste/Community/Ethnicity > Clan/Sub-caste/Gotra 1. . The man is responsible for the plowing and proper maintenance of the terraces. [8] This restructuring was a result of over a millennia of newer Aryan immigrants from the plains since the time of the Lichchavis. Dewali Puja is common among Bahuns too. 38,193. In 2001 the CBS recorded only nine groups in the caste-origin Hill Hindu groups. In 1963, Legal Code was replaced by New 1964 Legal Code. Among those 73.8% in higher education belong to the BCN, 22.0% Janajatis and 2.9% Dalit.[21]. [18] Jung Bahadur Rana, founder of Rana dynasty also belonged to the Chhetri community. Most notable contradiction is the inclusion of previously non-Hindu tribes "Adivasi Janajati" groups, as well as non-Nepalis including Muslims and Europeans into the hierarchical fold. Friday, March 3 2023 . They speak Nepali, which is the country's official language. In the court struggle for power, Pande Khalaks and Thapa Khalaks were fierce opponents. Ask God to bless worship and intercession by Christians from other countries who come to prayer-walk in Nepal. The girl has a low status in a new family and usually the mother-in-law commissions her most arduous work. However, people have been disseminating information about the need to change this system. He symbolizes the Ursa Major or the Great bear along with the seven stars surrounding it. The highest caste was always Brahmins, holding positions of priests and teachers in the Hindu community. "Chapter 3. However, since the unification of Nepal in the 18th century, Nepal's various non-Hindu ethnic nationalities and tribes, previously called "Matwalis" (alcohol-drinkers) and now termed as "Adivasi/Janajati" (indigenous/nationalities), have been incorporated within the caste hierarchy to varying degrees of success. Stiller, L. F. (1993). The Bhardwaj gotra came from him. Nepal's Downtrodden: A nation struggles to find the way to relieve 4.5 million Dalits from the stigma of "untouchability". These were adapted by Kshetri community which includes exhibition of bravery and skill, prohibition of escaping any war, giving charity and Hindu governance. Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology. ), Khulal, Kshetri, Mahat, Mahatara, Pande/Pandey, Punwar, Pwar, Kunwar, Lama, Rana, Mhyak Rana, Ranabhat, Rayamajhi, Raya, Rathor, Raut, Rawat, Rawal, Rayamajhi, Rokaya/Rokka/Rokaha, Pulami, Silwal, Suyal, Swar, Sauka, Sijapati, Sinjapati, Sakya, Sutar, Saod, Saud, Tandon, Thapa etc. A priest from the boys family consults the girls family to establish a favorable date for the ceremony based on the lunar calendar. Different surnames are Lohani, Dudh Pokharel, Panthi, Panta, Niraula, Wagle, Pandey, Subedi, Thapaliya, Jamarkattel, Shiwakoti. History JethaBuda Jaya Baniya JethaBuda Jaya Baniyawas a great warrior who played . Nearly, only one Chief of Army Staff (Chhatraman Singh Gurung) belonged to Non-Chhetri/Thakuri caste. The kitchen and living quarters are often located upstairs to keep them free of pollution by stray animals that might wander into the house. Another important festival is the Tihar festival Dipavali, a festival of lights lasting five days. Agirl during the first menstruation is transferred to another house, where she is hidden by the eyes of men from her family and from sunlight. Brahmin is the highest Varna in Vedic Hinduism. Caste, State, and Ethnic Boundaries in Nepal. Kshetri do not consume pork like Rajputs which is a basis of cultural difference. Blanks mean an unknown value. Forty-nine sub gotras originated from the eight main gotras. Newar lowest occupational castes Dom, Podhya, Chyamaha/Chandala, etc. They are known for their cheerfulness, good humor, resourcefulness, and self-confidence. Of these, 99.9% spoke Nepali and 0.1% other languages as their first language. Related Articles. [19] Education is free and open to all castes. The third term is moksha, signifying liberation from the suffering circle of birth and death. This custom was traditionally only prevalent in the three Indo Aryan societies of the Khas, Madhesi, and Newars. These various cultural groups belong to four distinct language groups: Maithili, Bajika, Bhojpuri, and Awadhi. After the Rana regime, caste rules relating to food, drink and intercaste marriage were openly louted but the Muluki Ain had not been abrogated. Gandhi arrived in Durban, Natal (now kwaZulu-Natal) Blue is the color of all-inclusiveness. Answer (1 of 5): No surnames are pure Brahmins since they can easily get converted to other casts if they marry other than Brahmins as per Nepali culture or we might say as per Brahmins culture. Nowadays, however, the age of marriage to the late teenage period or even twenty-several years has been raised in both caste. To find your choice, press Control+F and type the surname to see which caste/community/ethnic group and sub-caste/clan it falls under. Alphaltopi. According to popular belief and various historical sources Sthiti Malla first codified the Newar caste system in the Nepal Arthasastra in the 14 th century. Table 2.2 Main Nepal Caste and Ethnic Groups with Regional Divisions and Social Groups (from 2001 Census) 3 Table 4.1 Wealth Quintiles 6 Table 4.2 Household Facilities 7 Table 4.3 Antenatal Care 11 Table 4.4 Early Childhood Mortality Rates 15 Table 4.5 Women's Participation in Decision making by Caste/Ethnicity and Regional Identify 28 . Objects owned by the deceased are donated to the priest who led the ceremony. In urban areas, both castes have the privilege to serve government, political and financial industries. What caste does it fall into? People believe he named God Krishna. They were able to dominate most of the Nepalese history through monopolizing government and military upto 1951 AD. When a boy turns 7, his hair is cut off a small strand of hair is left behind to indicate that he belongs to the Hindu culture and formally becomes a member of the caste. Katriya > Tharu Deula > Newar-Dalit > Pode 433. Living in rural areas, Brahmans and Chhetri usually support Newar shopkeepers in their commercial activities. Prayer is the key to reaching the Nepalese with the Gospel. It is of due importance in the Hindu culture, especially concerning marriage- the system forbids people from the same Gotra from getting married. [16] His grandson Bhimsen Thapa became Mukhtiyar (Prime Minister) of Nepal. "Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination | DW | 16.06.2020", "Birenda, 55, Ruler of Nepal's Hindu Kingdom". Chhetri people, traditional soldiers and administrators are considered as chettri community.Many chhetris are mixture of Khas and Magar people, that is the reasons why many Magar people and Chhetri people have similar Surnames 'Chathariya Shrha' are the descendants of Malla and Licchavi rulers, their nobles and courtier clans and are considered as Kshatriyas of Newar community. Brahmans are known in Nepali as "Bahuns." The most ambitious and powerful among the Chhetris, the Khas kings began to further claim a new caste where they merged with the Magar kings of Gandaki region to form a royal hybrid Thakuri caste. Only men are made as priests. [1][12], Hierarchies of Major Caste/Ethnic Groups in Nepal according to Muluki Ain:[17][18], Terai Brahmin (referred in the code as Indian/Desi Brahmin) (no mention of Terai Kshatriya groups), Gurkha clans - Gurung, Magar, Kirat (Rai and Limbu). Dhananjaya gotra came from a Hindu Rishi Dhananjaya. Nepalese children, whether born to landowners or to servants, are treated well. Agastya or Agasti is one of the Sapta Rishis in Vedic texts. Christianity is looked at as the "foreigners" religion. Many also beg and scavenge for a living. Similarly, serious limitations and oversights of this code include the complete exclusion of the large middle-ranking Terai groups. The Nepalese also cultivate vegetable gardens to feed their families. Kaushik is a popular patri-clan for the Brahmin and Kshatriya. [11] Hence, the present Newar society's foundation firmly stands on this restructuring by Malla as Newar society continues to comprise the 4 varna and 64 different caste groups which were hierarchically allotted in Jayasthiti Malla's time according to the classical and religious Hindu scriptures like the Manusmriti. Contents1 Which caste is royal in [] Chhetri dominated the military forces of Shah dynasty of Nepal. Reply. ethnic identity, or the caste system in Nepal. There they encountered a Khas caste, people of a Brahmin-like culture, who in the caste order never found themselves lower, which is related to their orthodox system of principles. Rajputs and Thakuris are sometimes considered as subcaste of Kshetri while they have distinct cultural difference with mainstream Kshetris. - Few evangelicals, but many who identify as Christians. Today, they are proportionately distributed in almost all the parts of Nepal. [13] Caste prejudice is far less prevalent in cities nowadays, although nothing has changed in rural regions. The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. Many people are confused in the two caste "Baniya" and "Bania".Actually, "Baniya" are Chhetri from "Khas" group whereas "Bania" are people of Terai of"Baisha" group. [24], According to Professor Madhusudan Subedi, economic and political advancements have pushed the caste system to break its stagnancy and status quo. After the rise Rana dynasty(Kunwars), the number changed to 10 Basnyats, 1 Pandes, 3 Thapas and 26 Kunwar officers totaling to 61 Chhetri officers in the year 1854 A.D.[19], Chhetris dominated the position of the senior officers of the Nepali Army comprising 74.4% of total senior officers in 1967. Kathmandu: Ministry of Population and Environment, HMG, Nepal. Son of the rishi Atri, Bhardwaj is an honoured sage and among the Sapta Rishis. Population: Approx. Then there are prayers for harvest and prosperity for a given year. Terai and Newar Brahmins and Kshatriyas were officially placed below their Khas equivalents. For military and ruling class in Hinduism, see. Gurung, H. (2005). Amar Singh Thapa based on religious values developed Nishankalika flag after ceremoniously inviting Kalika Bhawani, ancestors, friendly deities and 49 Maruts to reside on the flag. Recommended Links:94 Intriguing Newari Surnames and Caste Based on their Traditional Occupation21 Bold Nepali Names as Surnames100 Popular Nepali Brahmin Surnames Or Last Names, By RegionThe fear of Inter-Caste Marriage in Nepal 5 reasons why it makes sense and 5 reasons why it does not! [6], According to 2011 Nepal census, Kshetri stands as the most populous group in Nepal with 16.6% of Nepal's population (or 43,98,053 peoples). Class, Caste or Location? [16] The law also comprised Pryacitta (avoidance and removal of sin) and cra (the customary law of different castes and communities). The fear of Inter-Caste Marriage in Nepal 5 reasons why it makes sense and 5 reasons why it does not! Tiji Festival. Kshetri are not allowed to eat beef, buffalo, pig, felines and all wild forms of them as per Hindu rituals for Kshatriya. All Brahmini and Chhetri are Hindu and profess most basic Hindu beliefs. In this process the left outs were oppressed class (Dalits), women, the poorest of the poor, powerless and the second class citizen and indigenous nationalities (Adivasi Janajatis). List of ethnic caste-groups in Nepal by population. Moreover, there are concerns about Sagotri marriage practice not just culturally/ morally but from a scientific point of view as well. Generally, the Parvate/Pahari (hilly) Kshatriyas are called as Kshetris or Khas Kshetris. Madhusudan Subedi. Other data may have varying ages. In many cases people get confused in Caste and Gotra. Plz tell me airi caste gotra .I have not found . Joseph on June 17, 2022. Most surnames in Atri Gotra includes Arjel/ Arjyal, Bhatta, Chapagain, Khatiwoda, Ojha, Wosti, Gotama, Bam (Rakse Thakuri), Mishra, Adhikari. Brahman and Chhetri are high Hindu Nepalese castes. They recognize local gods, goblins, and spirits. [4] The 5 main Chhetri families at Royal court of Nepal formed group called Kaji Khalak (Aristocrats). The Mahabharata is one of the two major Rabindranath Tagore was born in Calcutta, India into Kirati, Kiranti is an ethnic group with roots Meena Kumari was born with the birth name Adi Shankaracharya united the country with the help of philosophy, poetry and faith, Mahabharata: How Udupi fed the Kurukshetra warriors, Bhaji Aloo Parwal Vegetables with potato and parwal. It comprises 126 types of castes and small types of ethnic groups. If you want to get more content related to this tell us in the comment section below. The Caste Hierarchy and the State in Nepal: A Study of the Muluki Ain of 1854, 1979. Kathmandu consists largest Kshetri population.[7]. The above-mentioned table clarifies that the majority of people i.e. Holmberg, David. They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. Garga is another excellent sage in Hindu mythology. Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. 1. At the end of the eighteenth century, Nepal was united by kings who were the ancestors of Thakuri the aristocratic wing of the Chhetri caste. 7188, This page was last edited on 5 October 2022, at 18:20. 94 Intriguing Newari Surnames and Caste Based on their Traditional Occupation, 100 Popular Nepali Brahmin Surnames Or Last Names, By Region. When they are about eight years old, the children begin doing domestic chores. 26 million with absent population of 1.9 million and growth rate of 1.35% per annum. [2][3], Chhetri is considered a direct derivative of the Sanskrit word Kshatriya. If a Brahmin marry Baishya(Mongoloids, Chettri, Newars etc) then the couple automatically considered . Kashyap gotra, kaushik gotra, bhardwaj gotra, kaundinya gotra and more. The source of Brahmin and Chhetrich income living in villages is cattle breeding and field cultivation. They never marry in their paternal clan and those having same gotra. Historically, they practiced Hindu polytheism and shamanism. Kshetris are noted for resourcefulness and charity. Nepalese boys may have their middle names like Prasad, Bahadur, Maan, Kumar, Ratna, Mani, etc. Historically, the caste system justified the subjugation of lower castes, allowing upper-caste Nepalis to use their status to gain security and power. [33] But they are allowed reservation in federal parliament and provincial legislature. The people of the Chhetri and Brahmin caste do not have artistic tendencies. [10][11] Almost all Chhetris are Hindu. Maithali language comes in the second position because it is spoken by 12.30% people of the total Nepalese. In middle and southern Nepal, the land has been terraced for generations. Sankhadhar Sakhwa (879 AD) philanthropist, related to Nepal Sambat. of Nepal and a New Constitution A Resource on the Situation of Dalits in Nepal, their Demands and the Implications for a new Constitution Compiled by: United Nations Development Programme Kathmandu, September 2008 UNDP Nepal UN House, Pulchowk G.P.O. In Nepal, the Brahmin caste is traditionally considered to be one of the four main castes, along with Chhetri, Vaishya, and Sudra. This page article shows the composition of each proposed federal state in terms of ethnic groups in Nepal, based on 2011 census data. [1] Chhetris speak an Indo-Aryan Nepali language (Khas-Kura) as mother tongue. People Group Location: Omid. Historically, surnames evolved as a way to sort people into groups - by occupation, place of origin, clan affiliation, patronage, parentage, adoption, and even physical characteristics (like red hair). As a result of occupational changes, increased education, their own efforts to emulate the upper castes and consolidation of political power, urban Dalits in the Terai have moved up in status. Then the cleansing ceremony is performed and the name is given. . [19], During the monarchy, Chhetris continued to dominate the ranks of the Nepalese government, Nepalese Army, Nepalese Police and administration. Chhetri is Nepalese local colloquial term for Kshatriya. For example, Buddha Ratna Shakya in which Buddha is the first name, Ratna is the middle name and Shakya is a surname. It is important here who is older, whos younger. In Nepal, high castes dominate 91.2% among the prominent position in politics and bureaucracy. [26], The 2011 Nepal census recorded Chhetris as the largest Hindu adherents in the nation with 4,365,113 people which is 99.3% of total Chhetri population. Mandabya was a great sage as per Hindu texts. Working-class persons in urban areas who must make a living by selling their labour power. Social exclusion and Maoist insurgency. The social structure of caste-origin Hill Hindu or Khas groups is simple compared to the other two societies, reflecting only three groups in hierarchy, with the distinct absence of the Vaishya and Shudra varnas. The Nepalese caste system was the traditional system of social stratification of Nepal. Chhetri (Kshetri, Kshettri, Kshetry or Chhettri), (Nepali: pronounced ; IAST: Ketr) historically called Kshettriya or Kshetriya or Khas are Nepali speakers of Khas community, some of whom trace their origin to migration from medieval India. [13], The case of Newr is exceptional. (2011). Warriorhood, governance, administration, honesty and integrity has been linked to Kshetris. It describes the folk culture of any caste and particular tribes. Only the poorest families do not own land. People with the same Gotra are Sagotri in Hindu society. Little, if any, history of Christianity. Dont Tell Your Nwaran Name, KEEP IT SECRET, 60 Flowers Names in Nepali; What Does it Symbolize, 43 Different Authentic Nepali Spices Name In English. For now let's just take a look at the castes and their sub-castes (surnames) in hopes that someday, we will all be one single flower with many variants. Joshua Project makes every effort to ensure that the subject in an image is in fact from the specific people group. Their population consists primarily of three castes, or social classes: the Brahmins (priests and scholars); the Kshatriyas (rulers and warriors); and the Achut (laborers and servants). Iijima, Shigeru. Notable Newar people:-. Nepal opened its borders in 1951. Joshua Project occasionally adjusts profile text from third party sources. Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages). There are a few things that are a trade secret of your castes. [3][4] Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom (later unified Kingdom of Nepal). Traditional caste barriers have been broken down as a result of such social mobility. The Achut perform the most polluted tasks, such as cleaning bathrooms. The surname Khatri Chhetri in actual is the misinterpretation of the original name Katyuris Kshatriyas, which eventually changed a long time back . Nepal's "unifier," Prithvi Narayan Shah, once called Nepal "a garden of four varnas (castes) and 36 sub-castes . 15,630, Dalit Rs. One of the most important Hindu festivals is the October Dashain or Durga Puja when the magnificence of Durga Kali in its ten-armed form is celebrated for two weeks. Here are some most common Nepali surnames - Adhikari, Poudel/Paudel,Bhatttarai,Nepal,Dahal,Regmi,Khanal,Ghimire,Pokharel,Magar,Shreshtha,Gurung,Rai. Order in Paradox: Myth, Ritual and Exchange among Nepal's Tamang, 1989. This group presents a complicated social structure that not only reflects the model of four Hindu varna categories and the unclean castes outside of it, but it is also clearly divided among the upper and lower Buddhist castes. Sometimes the paths meet together near a large tree that is used as a meeting place for the villagers, as well as a resting place for travelers. The Rautes have always referred to themselves as the Forest Thakuri. There are about 70 castes, Buddhist as well as Hindu, covering approximately the same spectrum as the caste system of India. With Hinduism embracing 330 million gods, Nepal's capital, Kathmandu, has more temples, houses, and idols than people. A lot of youths do not care about things such as caste. Sunil's father KB Chhetri officer retired from the EME Corps of the Indian Army. [13], The social structure of the caste-origin Madhesi Hindu groups is complex, reflecting four varna groups with distinct hierarchical structure within them. Also Gandharva and Rakshas marriages are not allowed. Due to this people marry in their caste and avoid same gotra. Similarly, the Janajati has 32.0% (excluding Newars) of the total population of the country, has representation of 7.1%. Rural political life has its own dynamism, independent of changes on the national political scene. Caste is broader term used to represent certain group of people like - poudel, basnet, neupane, khadka, shrestha etc. p. 6. Hope you find the information you are searching for here in this article. Most of the Nepalese are farmers. Acharya > Newar-Brahman > Rajopadhyaya